>>>> الرد الأول :
Pollution: is contamination by a chemical or other agent that renders part of the environment unfit for intended or desired use. It deserves emphasis that the environment also refers to the place where you live. Natural processes have released toxic chemicals into the environment throughout the history of the earth. Currently, the pollution generated by human activities presents the most serious problem.
There are basically 3 types of Pollution. They are:
Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or cause damage to the natural environment or built environment, into the atmosphere.
Land polution is a pollution in land only. It can cause any types of disease that may cause of death. The responsible agencies of this are DENR(Department of Environment and Natural Resources, government agencies, and Local government units..
Some of the major Causes of the Pollution are as follows:
i) Deforestation - For the establishment of factories, industries and due to urbanization in various parts of the world, trees are cut on a large scale without any adequate efforts to plant new trees. This leads to deforestation, which has caused a rise in the pollution levels and distortion of natural order.
ii) Polluted rivers - The wastewater and liquids from plants and factories are linked with nearby river water, which are polluted when they release disposal from these units. People in Developing/Undeveloped countries also pollute rivers by using the water in these rivers for washing clothes, utensils, bathing and other activities.
Oil spilled from ships pollute oceans around the world.
iii) Sound pollution - The machines used in factories make noise throughout the day, and this disturbs the peaceful atmosphere in the vicinity, as machines used without proper covering lead to sound pollution. This puts heavy mental strain on the people staying in the nearby areas.
iv) Air Pollution - Each year industrially developed countries generate billions of tons of pollutants. Many pollutants come from directly identifiable sources; sulphur dioxide, for example, comes from electric power plants burning coal or oil. Others are formed through the action of sunlight on previously emitted reactive materials (called precursors). For example, ozone, a dangerous pollutant in smog, is produced by the interaction of hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides under the influence of sunlight. Ozone has also caused serious crop damage. The increasing number of vehicles have also lead to an increase in Air Pollution, due to the harmful gases like Carbon Monoxide emitted from these vehicles. Gases generated in the Chemical plants also cause air pollution. People suffer because of smoke and bad smell from the industrial units particularly from chemical plants.
v) Soil pollution - Dumping of wastes in many areas is a major cause of Soil Pollution. Also, when soil in and near production areas becomes dirty due to disposal of waste material, such land cannot be used for agricultural operations.
Pollution is also caused by iron and steel mills; zinc, lead, and copper smelters; municipal incinerators; oil refineries; cement plants; and nitric and sulphuric acid plants.
Effects Of Pollution Crisis:
Of the suite of pollutants that taint urban air, fine suspended particulate matter, sulphur dioxide (SO2), and ozone pose the most widespread and acute risks; however, airborne lead pollution is a critical concern in many cities as well. Recent studies on the effects of chronic exposure to air pollution have singled out particulate matter as the pollutant most responsible for the life-shortening effect of unhealthy air, although other pollutants may also play an important role. These pollutants cause respiratory and other health disorders.
Besides increasing blood pressure and stress levels, noise pollution can also have deleterious effects on hearing. There are two categories of hearing loss resulting from noise exposure. Acoustic trauma is hearing loss resulting from a single exposure to a very loud sound such as an explosion. Noise induced hearing loss is hearing loss arising from repeated exposure to moderate noise. The latter is the more common form of hearing loss due to noise pollution.
Water pollution infects the water and renders it unfit for drinking and other purposes. It is also a major cause of most of the water-borne diseases.
Awareness among masses, regarding the adverse effects of pollution around the world, can also help in reducing the intensity of pollution. This awareness can be created through various media like newspapers, television, radio, flyers, seminars, etc.
Measures Of Controlling Pollution
Various countries have set standards in legislation in the form of concentration levels that are believed to be low enough to protect public health. Source emission standards are also specified to limit the discharge of pollutants into the air, so that air-quality standards will be achieved. However, the nature of the problem requires the implementation of international environmental treaties, and to this end 49 countries agreed in March 1985 on a United Nations convention to protect the ozone layer. This “Montreal Protocol”, which was renegotiated in 1990, called for the phaseout of certain chlorocarbons and fluorocarbons by the end of the century and provides aid to developing countries in making this transition. In addition, several international protocols have been aimed specifically at reducing the incidence of acid rain. Awareness among masses, regarding the adverse effects of pollution around the world, can also help in reducing the intensity of pollution. This awareness can be created through various media like newspapers, television, radio, flyers, seminars, etc.
It is high time that we take this issue, of 'Problems of Pollution' seriously, or it could have adverseeffects on our future generations
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>>>> الرد الثاني :
Pollution is the introduction of pollutants into the environment of nature to the detriment of them and cause a disturbance in the ecosystem, and these contaminants are either material extraneous to the environment or natural materials but exceeded levels accepted, and combined with chemical contamination, but also extends to pollution forms different energy such as pollution, noise and pollution warming.
Blacksmith Institute issued a list of the most polluted places in the world, and which occupied the places in Azerbaijan, Ukraine, Peru, Russia, Zambia, China and India top ten (2007).
Industrial pollution is caused by a lot of industrial sources and are remnants of factories and the smoke billowing from the
factories and pesticides and car exhaust that result in a material gas such as sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide and dioxide, nitrogen and other gases that cause serious damage to the environment. And natural pollution comes as a result of floods and earthquakes and thunderstorms . And water pollution caused by what comes as a result of sewage and oil tankers , fertilizers and agricultural residues that affect
Rights and affect mainly on marine organisms . And followed by soil pollution due to human activity , which uses the agricultural chemicals from fertilizers and pesticides , and disregard for the rights in waste dumping which decompose later and intervention in the soil and change its properties. And of the most dangerous types of pollution is Altlutachaai which produces medical waste and of chemical reactions and especially nuclear reactions and Alheidrojana and acid rain , and this type of pollution causes a change in the genetic material of the organism . And noise pollution , which directly affects the sense of hearing and is unwanted sound , which is caused by the voices of machines and cars and airplanes , and others. And the rights that adhere to the instructions that exist within each building , whether factory or a company or a car so as not to increase the pollution of the environment and thereby cause a breach in the layers of the atmosphere and the ozone produced any of the significant risks to human and animal.
· The person self-awareness of the dangers of pollution.
· Stop the licenses of industrial activity that destroys the environment.
· Displace polluting industries away from the whereabouts of the population.
· The development of methods to combat air pollution.
· The development of the means of disposal of garbage and waste, and in particular the reduction of burning waste in the open air.
· Carry out afforestation on a large scale to get rid of air pollutants and absorbed.
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>>>> الرد الثالث :
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